Abstract:

In order to solve the uneven energy consumption caused by typical clustering routing using multi-hop transmission in wireless sensor networks(WSN), a ring-based clustering routing protocol for WSN using particle swarm optimization is proposed. The entire region is divided into a number of concentric circles with different intervals. Each ring contains many sectors regarded as the basic unit for cluster head selection. And each node runs for cluster head according to the distance to the center of sector and its residual energy. Meanwhile, the energy level mechanism is introduced to overcome the weaknesses that the network overhead is too large when the cluster head rotation speed is too fast and a single node dies prematurely when the cluster head rotation speed is too slow. Simulation shows that this protocol can effectively balance the energy consumption among the rings, and extend the network lifetime.

Key words: wireless sensor networks, particle swarm optimization, uneven clustering, energy balance