关键词: 量子密封投标拍卖, 量子同态消息认证, 半诚实第三方, 合谋攻击

Abstract: As a common type of auction, sealed-bid auction is prone to collusion attacks, and the private information of bidders needs to be well protected during the auction processing. To solve these problems, a quantum sealed-bid auction protocol based on quantum homomorphic message authentication is proposed. This protocol introduces a semi-honest third party with certain malicious behavior as the intermediary and verifier, which is responsible not only for transmitting information between the bidders and the auctioneer, but also for verifying the auction results after they are announced to ensure fairness and impartiality of the auction. In the protocol, before sending a bid, the bidder needs to first send the encrypted bid commitment to the third party, which will process it and then send it to the auctioneer. The auctioneer who receives the information will verify the identities of the bidders, confirm the source of the information, decrypt the information and finally use the results to determine whether someone has tampered with the bid during the auction process. The application of quantum homomorphic message authentication scheme and the introduction of a semi-honest third party in the auction process can not only avoid collusive attacks, but also effectively protect the privacy of bidders.

Key words: quantum sealed-bid auction, quantum homomorphic message authentication, a semi-honest third party, collusion attacks