关键词: 量子计算、超导量子比特、量子芯片、量子算法

Abstract: The superconducting qubit system, characterized by controllable interactions, strong designability, and relatively long coherence times, holds the potential for integrating tens of thousands or more quantum bits (qubits). This makes it one of pivotal technological pathways for realizing practical quantum algorithms and general-purpose quantum computing. We design a single chain twenty qubits chip by using frequency adjustable transmon structure. We performed basic characterization experiments on all qubits using a customized low-temperature environment control system and low-temperature coaxial cable components, achieving a maximum energy decoherence time T_1 of 31.3 μs and a phase decoherence time T_2^* of 22.8 μs among all qubits. An average fidelity 99.85% of single-qubit gates was gained as determined by random benchmark testing. The two-qubit CZ gate calibration was also achieved, with a fidelity of 97.5% measured through quantum process tomography. Finally, we demonstrate a quantum dynamics simulation algorithm based on the operation of single-qubits gates and CZ gate, successfully observing the dynamical evolution of the Ising model.

Key words: quantum computing superconducting qubit quantum chip quantum algorithms