Abstract:

Based on the fundamental concept of the author's bivergentum theory and therein the attempt of the extension of Einstein's special theory of relativity (or called as "high-speed special theory of relativity", ESTR or HS-STR), which shows the relationship between the matter movement and the space-time status mainly in the super-high speed regime, with the consequence of having predicted the low-speed special relativistic effect which may exist explicitly in the super-low speed regime and, furthermore, the full-velocity-scope special relativistic effect which may exist explicitly in both the super-high speed and the super-low speed regimes and also involves the in-between common speed regime, some comments, queries and modifications on the hypotheses of ESTR are made and the main points therein are as follows: First of all, it is pointed out that the so called "principle of special relativity (PSR)" which was adopted as one of the hypotheses in Einstein's derivation for the establishment of ESTR surpasses the purest-sense principle of special relativity, because it contains actually but implicitly the independent principle of Galileo-limit correspondence and the independent assumption of linear time-space transformation (TST), both being of, at least potentially, the lack of generality. Secondly, it is realized that the principle of constancy of light velocity (PCLV) which was revealed from the observation of the movement of electromagnetic waves as well as the PSR seems to be limited to some extent in its worthiness, while, based on the observation of the movement of the real physical objects, it would be possible to find some proper principle or principles which could be equivalent to or even more general than the PCLV so that could be taken as relevant hypothesis or hypotheses of the special theory of relativity (STR), and then more insightful and more comprehensive physical essences of the relativistic effects could be reflected and some significant changes of STR could be induced; Thirdly, the PCLV and the individual principle of intrinsic constant-velocity of light are differentiated, and it is found that the PSR resides not only in the high-level symmetries of relevant TST expressions but definitely also in other principles related to some physical processes; Fourthly, the STR hypotheses are updated according to the recent research advancements, i. e. the PCLV is sublated by replacing it with the previously proposed principle of upwards and downwards dual limitations of velocity which means that there exist both upper and lower velocity limits for real physical objects and also with the relevant twinborn principle of mass-velocity dependence (PMVD); Meanwhile, for possible changes of the STR expected by the author, the necessity of proper utilization of the principle of Galileo-limit correspondence or the extension from this principle to the principle of Lorentz-limit correspondence and even to the principle of general limit correspondence in which the concreteness of each individual limit is sublated and also the necessity of giving up the assumption of linear TST and turning to referring to the principle of the mathematical-form openness of TST are clarified. On the basis of these understandings, the expressions of Lorentz transformation in ESTR is re-derived by introducing the PMVD under the approximation of the mono-upwards-limitation of velocity; the concrete way to do this kind of derivations by replacing the PCVL with the PMVD is demonstrated; and, the observation of the constancy of light velocity (or, the constancy of the upper-limit velocity) is made to degenerate from a hypothesis into a deducted consequence in ESTR. Then, the phenomenological derivations of the mass-velocity dependences under the approximations of the mono-upwards and mono-downwards limitations of velocity are given respectively; the principles of the establishments of the expressions of TSTs in low-speed STR and in full-velocity-scope STR are also given. This work makes the establishment of the complete theoretical model of the full-velocity-scope STR go ahead for one more step.

Key words: bivergentum theory, special theory of relativity, low-speed special theory of relativity, full-velocity-scope special theory of relativity, principle of special relativity, principle of constancy of light velocity, individual principle of intrinsic constant-velocity of light, principle of upwards and downwards dual limitations of velocity, approximation of the mono-upwards-limitation of velocity, approximation of the mono-downwards-limitation of velocity, principle of mass-velocity dependence, time-space transformation, Galileo transformation, Lorentz transformation, principle of Galileo-limit correspondence, principle of Lorentz-limit correspondence, principle of general limit correspondence, assumption of linear time-space transformation, principle of the mathematical-form openness of time-space transformation